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Tag: Project Management

3 Tips for Construction Project Management Success

If you’re a construction project manager, you know the nature of your work can be vastly different from site to site much less company to company.

Any project manager regardless of the industry can relate.

A construction PM has many more responsibilities than most other PMs in different industries, construction is demanding and unique. Extensive knowledge about the industry can often be the difference between a successful project completion and delays.

Here a few tips that will be specifically useful for construction project management success.

Effective Communication

We know communication is very important for the success of pretty much any type of project out there, but it’s one of the most essential elements for construction projects in particular.

The thing is, it’s something that’s required in every single phase of the implementation of the plan. A project manager needs to ensure that there’s a constant flow of communication, both on the ground and with the stakeholders and suppliers.

This will make the process much smoother, and prevent the problems from getting more challenging to deal with when they arise. On the other hand, if there’s a lack of effective communication, you would find yourself spending hours spending hours on phone calls and emails when the project encounters a roadblock.

Perhaps a great way of maintaining this flow of communication is by using a good collaborative work management (CWM) tool. It syncs all your comments, calendars, attachments and more, as well as allows you to easily monitor important information that may affect your project such as budgets, news and scheduling changes. Furthermore, it also lets you “share” these changes in real time with everyone you want to, including other managers and accounting offices.

Continuous Planning

Most times, for a project to be successful, you would need to flexible and make changes on the fly as aspects of the project unfold.

In fact, you will also have to refine, revise and keep developing new plans through the life of the project. Every single stage of the project would require this type of planning, including design, pre-planning as well as procurement.

Also keep in mind that even slight changes may make a big impact on the overall outcome, so do not ignore them and take them into consideration to refine the plan.

Getting Involved

Apparently, there’s no industry out there where PMs don’t have to get actively involved in the work. And the construction industry being even more demanding, a PM usually must literally work alongside other workers.

A construction PM must understand the workers working under them better, as well as get familiar with the site. Many times, they will have to see an issue in person to resolve it.

To become a good PM, you will have to put in the required effort to make sure you become an integral part of the process.

5 Steps to Achieve PMP® Certification

I believe that everybody can learn from the experiences of others. In this article, I will share how I planned for and studied to pass the PMP® exam.

I followed five steps:

1. Choose Your Preparatory Course

You need to search at least three training centers and compare the material, benefits, and costs. After that, choose the best cost/benefit for you. Tip: Make sure that you choose a Registered Education Provider (REP) that is a registered and authorized by the Project Management Institute.

2. Choose Your Study Material

Pay attention when choosing the material. You will have a lot of options for books, courses, blogs and specialized websites that will offer everything about PMP certification. You should choose (at maximum) three books; otherwise, you will not have time to read them all. When I studied for the exam, I used:

  • Preparatory course materials, with books and simulation exams
  • A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide)
  • The PMP Exam Prep textbook by Rita Mulcahy
  • FASTrack PMP Exam simulation software (with over 1,600 questions)

I am sure that the material above is enough to study and pass the exam. You don’t need read all the books and materials that you find on the internet.

Tip: Spending too much time searching for exam materials on the internet will be a waste of time.

3. Plan Your Studies

You will find people that studied one month, three months, six months and even a year for the exam. You have to find the way that works best for you. In my case, I did the preparatory course, and after three months I took the exam with success.

After I had finished my preparatory course, I did the FASTrack PMP Exam simulation to check my level of knowledge at that moment and recorded the results.

I read the PMBOK® Guide, underlying the main topics and writing important notes. When I finished with the PMBOK Guide, I began to study the Mulcahy textbook, again underlying the main topics and writing important notes.

At this point, with much more knowledge, for a second time, I did a FASTrack simulation so that I could compare the results of the first and second simulations and see the evolution.

The next step was a fast revision in the underlined topics and the important notes. After the revision, I took a third FASTrack exam so I could compare the results of the three simulations and again track the evolution. At this moment, I reached a 90% score in the simulation.

The last step was a revision in some questions and topics to finish my studying and finally schedule the exam.

Tip: There is not a “magic recipe” to be prepared for the exam. You have to find your own way and time to study for it, but I consider three things very important to achieve success: planning, focus, and discipline.

4. Start Eligibility For The Exam

In general, the first thing that people do is start their eligibility—you have one year from the date of acceptance of your application. But I consider that a mistake because sometimes you can’t follow your study planning, or other priorities take over, and you lose the valid year of your eligibility.

So when is the best moment to start the eligibility period for the exam? I started mine when I finished my preparatory course and when I was doing my study planning. What did I need to meet eligibility? On the PMI.org, you can find the credential handbook that explains all of the details about eligibility [how to pay for the exam, the audit process, the process of Continuing Certification Requirements (CCR), etc.].

Tip: Do your study plan and schedule your exam, because you will have more motivation to study.

5. Schedule The Exam

The scheduling of your exam can be done after your eligibility approval. You can find all the information that you need in the handbook. Do not be afraid of the PMP exam! There are a lot of things to study, and you may always think that you aren’t prepared enough. Just do your study planning and follow it…believe in you!

Certification Changed My Career

I had a keen sense that my professional future was dim. I was carrying the heavy weight of discontent. No one else could see it, but it felt like a choke hold on opportunities that lay out in front of me.

What’s a middle-aged professional supposed to do? I knew the work and excelled at managing projects. I was seen as a go-getter who could move mountains to accomplish goals. But, why wasn’t it enough for me? Instead of letters behind my name and credentials on the wall, I had found solace in the fact that I was good; very good at what I did.

Certification. I knew it bore no relevance to my job at the time; the organization I worked for didn’t even know it existed. But as I read through articles and combed websites in want of answers to my occupational future, I felt drawn in.

There is a parallel universe that exists to those who are certified. A language and culture that serve to exclude on the basis of ‘certified’ or ‘not certified.’ PMI’s PMBOK is so much more than a framework. It is akin to Tolkien’s Elvish language; albeit littered with familiar words that differ in meaning depending on which side you’re on. Perhaps it was the mystery of that framework that intrigued me? Or, the eerie sense that maybe I wasn’t an expert in managing projects; having little clue about the lettered profession.

So, I joined PMI, downloaded the PMBOK and ordered a paper copy. I bought a license for an online learning educator that offered project management training and, even though I knew project work, I was stunned by the knowledge I didn’t have. The framework language was so foreign to me that I questioned my journey to the PMP every day. Thoughts spun in my mind asking “is it even worth it?”

When I began my journey towards certification, it was frustrating. To have excelled in my work for years, only to find gaining the credential meant I had to submit my successes to a framework that seemed rigid; I could scarcely see my work within it. There were terms that I had known but, on the whole, working as a project manager and passing the PMP exam appeared unrelated.

As PMs, at the beginning of each project, we lay the ground rules by determining scope; identify stakeholders and sketching out a high-level roadmap of how we plan to accomplish the end goal. In this personal project my end goal was a PMP certification, and in order to achieve it, I quickly realized I had to become a student. I had to choose professional humility, setting aside what I understood of project managing to see things a different way.

At the time, I recognized this humility as humiliating. My own sense of accomplishment meant little, and my confidence in knowing enough already or having enough experience wasn’t enough. In the still, quiet part of my psyche, I had to accept the fact that I needed to learn and use my frustration to fuel the task that lay ahead.

After digesting the PMBOK guide, page by page and process group by knowledge area, I knew I needed to get certified! I was ashamed that I had never slowed my own project work down to learn and value PMI’s framework. As I came to understand it, strategies I had learned the hard way seemed simple. And, I thought of all the time I could have saved and energies better spent had I known them all along.

I was voracious and wanted more depth and breadth. What more had I missed too busy working? I wanted to be inspired by others instead of being the big fish in a small pond. I began to dream of becoming a small fish in the very large pond of PMI.

My local university offered a Master’s in Project Management, and I wanted in. I contacted the school and quickly enrolled; the outrageous cost aside. I remember my first day of class, the room filled with professionals like myself, successfully running projects who knew little to nothing of the world of PMI. It was like a support group for wayward professionals suffering from the same chronic illness. It felt like home.

Over the next many, many months, I drilled away at the inputs, outputs, tools and techniques of the trade. Certification grew to be the answer I had been looking for to legitimize and crystallize what I knew about project management. My humiliation lifted, and I discovered that I could understand the framework and relate it back to my experience. After all, it had been crafted by professionals, like myself, who had learned the hard way and wanted to help.

I applied to write the test and was accepted; thousands of hours of my project work distilled down into 500-word increments laid bare for all PMI to see. And then, it was time. I had studied as much as my brain could handle. I had written hundreds of practice tests and devised the best ‘dump’ sheet I could. All the advice I’d been given was correct. It was intimidating. It was humiliating. Herded like cattle into the room not trusted enough even to bring in a water bottle. I felt disadvantaged but determined.

My first 10 minutes of the four arduous hours were spent recreating my ‘dump’ sheet. Quickly it seemed futile as I scarcely had the time to refer to it. The questions whizzed by, my answers came fast in some cases and impossibly slow in others. I tried to keep a running tally of ones I thought were right but, with the clock ticking, I abandoned even that feeble attempt to be in control. And then the results. I’d passed. I scarcely cared how. I had ‘slain the beast’ and now could proudly add those three letters behind my name.

But how would my career change? How had it changed at that moment? All I had proven was that I could initiate, plan, execute, control and close the project of becoming certified.

With reflection and time, I came to realize that my career changed because I changed. Throughout the process, I learned that I was not alone, that there was always something to learn and that I was better when brought together with others who shared similar goals and aspirations. I had been carrying the heavy weight of discontent for my professional future because I had felt I was alone.

I had forgotten that to be good at something is not everything. But to be good together at something is even better. To me, PMI personifies this. Not because they know it all or have it all right, but because they are a means to a profession; the keepers of a body of knowledge that when shared, iterates for the better, in benefit to us all. Networked, we can move more mountains. Humbled, we can learn and grow to build a better credential.

Where There are People, There is Conflict

Conflict is a mental struggle resulting from incompatible or opposing needs, drives, wishes, and external or internal demands.

Where there are people, there is conflict. Conflicts are seen as negative. However, this is inaccurate as conflicts are necessary for healthy relationships.

Conflict should not be perceived as a problem. It is a chance for growth and can be useful in opening yourself up to groups or other individuals. When conflict begins to suppress or disrupt productivity and gives way to more conflicts, conflict management is needed to address the dispute. There are many types of conflict, but here are three typical examples:

1. Intragroup Conflict

Intragroup conflict occurs among individuals within a team. The incompatibilities and misunderstandings between team members can lead to intragroup conflict. It starts from interpersonal disagreements like team members have different personalities which may lead to tension or differences in views and ideas.

Within a team, conflict can be helpful in coming up with decisions, which will eventually allow them to achieve their objectives as a team. However, if the degree of conflict disrupts harmony among the members, then some serious guidance from a different party will be needed for it to be settled.

2. Interpersonal Conflict

Interpersonal conflict means a conflict between two individuals. Conflict occurs because of differences between individuals. We all have varied personalities which can lead to incompatible choices and opinions. So, it is a natural occurrence which can eventually help in personal growth or develop our relationships with others.

Interpersonal conflict among individuals at work has been shown to be one of the most frequently noted stressors for employees. This type of conflict is associated with the broader concept of workplace harassment. It relates to other stressors that might co-occur, such as role conflict, role ambiguity, and workload. It also relates to strains such as anxiety, depression, physical symptoms, and low levels of job satisfaction. Disputes between peers as well as supervisor and subordinate conflicts fall into this category.

3. Intergroup Conflict

Intergroup conflict occurs when a misunderstanding arises among different teams or groups within an organization.

Horizontal strain intergroup conflict typically can occur between the marketing & sales departments who are looking to increase the organizational sales. Varied sets of goals, objectives, and interests of these groups can cause conflict. Competition between the groups also amplifies intergroup conflict as each organizational team is trying to outperform each other in reaching their set of goals and objectives. These factors may include a rivalry in resources or the boundaries of responsibilities.

Another type is Vertical strain conflict which involves competition between hierarchical levels such as a union versus company management, or a struggle between a group of employees and management.

Conflict Resolution Management Techniques

There are five strategies for managing stressful situations. None of them is a “one-size-fits-all” answer. Choosing the best conflict management technique depends on a variety of factors, including an appraisal of the intensity of the conflict and environmental factors. Here are the five types of conflict resolution management:

  • Collaborating − win/win
  • Compromising − win some/lose some
  • Accommodating − lose/win
  • Competing − win/lose
  • Avoiding − no winners/no losers

Collaborating Technique

This technique follows the rule “I win, you win.” Collaborating means working together by integrating ideas set out by multiple people. The objective here is to find a creative solution acceptable to everyone. It calls for a significant time commitment. Collaborating can lead to “I will win all costs” or the Competing technique below. Each group must be committed to the win/win outcome and have trust with each other for collaborating to be successful. The collaborating approach gives longer lasting and more meaningful agreements. Participants that collaborate are significantly more likely not to feel negative about the outcome.

Compromising Technique

This method follows the rule “You bend, I bend.” Compromising means adjusting with each other’s opinions and ideas, and thinking of a solution where both points of view are part of the solution outcome. Similarly, both the parties need to give up on some of their ideas and should agree with the other. Values and long-term objectives can be derailed using this technique. This process may not work if initial demands are high and if there is no commitment to honor the compromised solutions or outcomes. Comprise is best in tough situations where collaboration will not work. The results are less likely to be sustainable and mutually valued as both sides feel slightly negative about the experience.

Accommodating Technique

This method follows the rule “I lose, you win.” Accommodating means giving up on ideas and thoughts so that the other party wins and the conflict ends. However, using this technique, one’s own ideas do not get attention, ensures lost credibility, and influence is lost. The approach of “I will just do what you say” deflates the morale of one side of the conflict. Accommodating gives a lack of caring, concern, and commitment to the solution outcome by one side of the conflict. It is having one side of the conflict jumping ship and saying “It is your problem now.” Leaving both sides of the conflict feeling negative about the experience and untrusting of each other regarding the solution outcome.

Competing Technique

This method follows the rule “I win, you lose.” Competition means when there is a dispute a person or a group is not willing to collaborate or adjust, but it simply wants the opposite party to lose. This technique can further escalate conflict or losers may retaliate. This “It is my way or the highway” leads to stronger emotions and greater conflict. Many conflicts start as competing but then move into other collaboration types.

Avoiding Technique

This method follows the rule “No winners, no losers.” Avoiding means the ideas suggested by both the parties are rejected. Both parties are then lead undermine each other, ignoring each other’s ideas and creates a greater wedge between the two parties to reach a conclusion in the future.

5 Steps to Improved Project Team Collaboration

Team collaboration and communication is critical to project success.

The project manager organizes the project and provides scheduling, budgeting, resource planning and usage, communication and customer engagement oversight throughout the project. However, the business analyst is often the one in the trenches with the project team on a daily basis – often interacting on the individual tasks the team is performing both with the team and with the project customer. You can see how team collaboration would quickly be at the forefront of project success especially on today’s projects that often being carried out by virtual teams that may never come face to face with each other.

Let’s consider five possible steps to be taken to improve the project team collaboration on a day to day basis:

1. Know the Team

In this age of virtual teams, individuals may go through entire projects without ever meeting their team members – or even the client – face to face. I have carried out projects lasting 12 months or longer without meeting any of my team in person or even the customer. The key is communication. To create a close knit team, you must connect with them on a personal level as well. I always suggest at least a weekly team call. Unless something urgent must be discussed immediately, initiate the call with some lighter conversation. Start going around the group and talking about what activities they have going on outside of work over the weekend or next week. It is an excellent way to build some cohesion beyond just the task commitments. Everyone hates having their picture taken, but having a photo on your email signature line or profile in the system gives a face to the person on the other end of the phone call. We humans can feel empathy and comradery when seeing a person’s face because it is how our brains our wired. When we see a person’s picture, we feel closer to them personally.

2. Get Input from Everyone

Always include the entire team on important meetings, decisions, and communications. If you get in the habit of going only to a tech lead or data specialist for example on a given project before you know it that is all you will have left. The portion of the team that is always being left out will start to shift their focus to the projects where they feel they are making bigger contributions. You do not want that! Include everyone, even if you still have a go-to guy on the team for most of what you need. The team that keeps excellent communication where everyone is providing input is the more productive and accountable team. That is what you want for your team.

3. Allow Everyone to Face the Customer

Make sure everyone is interacting with the project client. It increases the feeling of contribution and accountability for the project team members. With that increased feeling of contribution and responsibility you will also likely see an increase in participation, cooperation, and performance. People want to be wanted. I want you to want me, remember? What is the easiest and best way to do this? Some of the team will frequently be interacting with the customer already – especially on a technical project where early on some requirements and business processes may need vetting. However, another great way – a way I have always used – is to allow (or force) each project team member to report on the progress of their key project tasks during the regular weekly status calls with the customer. This increases accountability and ownership of tasks and increases collaboration as they work to ensure that they have made as much progress as possible and that everyone on the team is up to date on their task statuses before these calls.

4. Use a Collaboration Tool

Believe it or not, on individual projects the tool can make a big difference. Moreover, if it is a collaboration you are in need of, then that has to be a significant project management consideration. Alternatively, you can set up a “home grown” collaboration method. However, there are enough project management related tools out there to research and try out where you can fully collaborate through the given tool of choice and not have to resort to a closed Facebook group. Can you tell that I have done that on a project or two? There are better choices out there to review. It takes time, but contact vendors, demo alternatives and find the one that works for your teams and organization and maybe your customers depending on whether or not you want them involved in the collaboration process. At a minimum, you want to be able to communicate and share documents and revisions through the collaborative tool. Proceed carefully. Complex collaboration tools that are difficult to interact with may break down communication for the team.

5. Clear Team Member Availability

Finally, to ensure you have full team member participation, collaboration and cooperation on high priority complex projects, make sure your team members are indeed available for the project. I’ve had several projects start well only to find that a given team member was stretched too thin or involved in another, possibly higher priority project. When issues arise on one of those other critical projects you may lose that essential resource either temporarily or even permanently. That can be painful and onboarding new resources is not without extra costs and sometimes lost in the process – not to mention causing almost immediate concern for the client that their project may not be very important to your organization if they are losing resources to other projects and other clients.

Summary

A tight team is a dedicated, ready to follow you into a battle. Excellent communication and collaboration is the key to most of the project success you are going to experience on any given engagement. Without good communication, requirements will get missed or miscommunicated, deadlines will come and go without successful delivery, and re-work will undoubtedly happen. All of these will serve to inch your project closer to overall customer dissatisfaction and project failure. You do not want that, so get started on the right foot from the outset. These are five of my proven steps to build the best team collaboration and avoid the pending glitches. I probably have more…

Readers: What are your steps? What do you do to build a close knit team and ensure the best and most efficient collaboration and communication possible? What problems have you encountered? What successes have you experienced? Please share and discuss.